Library Scenario in India THE BEGINNINGS: His Highness Sayaji Rao Gaekwad III, Maharaja of Baroda, was a great visionary, who pioneered the development of Public Library System in India as early as 1910. He carefully devised a compulsory programme of mass education in one district in 1893, and extended it to the entire State by 1907, and also made elementary education compulsory to all boys and girls in the State. His Highness also realized that universal education required, a network of free public libraries, which would keep literacy alive, and enable men and women in rural areas to have access to the source of knowledge not hither to open to them. The Maharaja insisted that “libraries should not limit their benefits to the few English knowing readers, but should see to it that their good work permeates through to the many”, and that “the vernacular libraries should be encouraged” so that every citizen of the State “may enroll himself as a pupil in the peoples’ u...